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Combined photo- and electroreflectance of multijunction solar cells enabled by subcell electric coupling

Electric coupling between subcells of a monolithically grown multijunction solar cell in short circuit allows their simultaneous and independent characterization by means of photo- and electro-reflectance. The photovoltage generated by selective absorption of the pump beam in a given subcell during photoreflectance measurements results in reverse biasing the complementary subunits at the modulatio

The city, the church, and the 1960s : On secularization theory and the Swedish translation of Harvey Cox’s The Secular City

In 1994, sociologist of religion José Casanova wrote in the introduction to his influential book Public Religions in the Modern World that a paradigm shift had occurred in his field. His colleagues had abandoned an earlier paradigm “with the same uncritical haste with which they previously embraced it.” 1 What he had in mind was the theory of secularisation: that is, the notion that with modernisa

Institutions, Inequality and Societal Transformations

Institutioner har betydelse för ekonomisk utveckling. Denna avhandling består av tre fristående artiklar som bidrar till olika grenar inom institutionell ekonomi.I den första artikeln undersöks kortsiktiga förändringar av könsnormer. Artikeln tar tillvara på senare tids utveckling av maskininlärningsalgoritmer för att studera normförändringar i svenska tweets. Mer specifikt så tränas en LSTM neuraInstitutions matter for economic development. This thesis consists of three self-contained articles which provide different contributions to institutional economics.The first article studies short-run changes in gender norms. It takes advantage of recent developments in machine learning algorithms to study changes in norms in Swedish tweets. More specifically, gender norms are defined in a compreh

Early-life mortality clustering in families: A literature review

Research on early-life mortality in contemporary and historical populations has shown that infant and child mortality tend to cluster in a limited number of high-mortality families, a phenomenon known as ‘mortality clustering’. This paper is the first to review the literature on the role of the family in early-life mortality. Contemporary results, methodological and theoretical shortfalls, recent

The Long Harm of Childhood: Childhood Exposure to Mortality and Subsequent Risk of Adult Mortality in Utah and The Netherlands

How do early-life conditions affect adult mortality? Research has yielded mixed evidence about the influence of infant and child mortality in birth cohorts on adult health and mortality. Studies rarely consider the specific role of mortality within the family. We estimated how individuals’ exposure to mortality as a child is related to their adult mortality risk between ages 18 and 85 in two histo