During the Cold War, cities were seen as likely targets of modern total warfare and systems of civil defence were created to protect cities and their inhabitants. Yet existing civil defence histories have focused little on the specifically urban aspect, and urban historians likewise have paid civil defence little attention. Using Aarhus, Denmark, as a casestudy, this article examines civil defence

Abstract på danskaDenne artikel undersøger relationen mellem kold krig og velfærd ved at afdække hvordan Civilforsvaret i stigende grad blev bygget ind i velfærdsstatens arkitektur fra midten af 1950’erne. Artiklens hoveddel er tre case-studier: et socialt boligbyggeri, en skole og et hospital, der alle havde vitale funktioner i det beredskab, der var etableret af Civilforsvaret for at imødegå denThis article explores the relationship between welfare and warfare during theCold War by focusing on the increasing incorporation of civil defence into welfare state architecture from the mid-1950s. Three case studies: a social housing area, a school and a hospital, demonstrate how ordinary welfare architecture had vital functions for civil defence in preparations for the nuclear war. The article

Abstract på danskaArtiklen undersøger produktionen af fremtid(er) i Hvis krigen kommer, udgivet af Statsministeriet og husstandsomdelt i januar 1962. Vores nærlæsning af pjecen tager udgangspunkt i begrebet „socio-tekniske forestillinger“, der søger at forene et blik for teknologiers betydning i moderne samfund med en forståelse af deres indlejring i sociale normer, institutioner og praksisser, saThis article examines the production of futures in the pamphlet Hvis krigen kommer (If War Comes), published by the Prime Minister’s Office and di-stributed to every Danish household in January 1962. In the preceding decades, nuclear science and technology had become central in the imagination of both peaceful and conflict-ridden futures. How to survive a nuclear war – and whether this was even po

This article brings together the fields of Cold War studies and memory studies.In Denmark, a remarkable institutionalisation of Cold War memory has takenplace in the midst of a heated ideological battle over the past and whether toremember the Cold War as a “war”. Using Danish Cold War museums andheritage sites as case studies, this article sheds new light on the politics of historyinvolved in Col

Abstract in DanishHistorie(n) kan være et værdifuldt redskab, der kan mobiliseres til at legitimere bestemte behov og interesser. Denne artikel undersøger forhenværende statsmi-nister Anders Fogh Rasmussens opgør med den danske udenrigspolitiske tradi-tion. Ved at anskue dette opgør som ideologisk, politisk og moralsk historiebrug, men ikke videnskabelig historiebrug, søger forfatteren at komme væ

Political use of history played a pivotal role in legitimizing the war in Iraq, and by taking a closer look at the use of history one can get closer to understanding the reasons for the decision to go to war. The first part of the article argues that former Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen and the Liberal and Conservative parties legitimized war participation by writing it into a particular in

Abstract in DanishDen Kolde Krigs ophør resulterede i et opgør om historien: Om magten til at skrive historien og om retten til at definere, hvem der var de gode, og hvem der var de onde. I Danmark har kampen om historien været særlig voldsom. Beskyldninger om nationalpolitisk svigt, moralsk forræderi og historiemisbrug har præget debatten, hvor gamle regnskaber gøres op i aktuelle magtkampe, hvor

This chapter examines ruin towns: civil defence training grounds that replicated urban war zones. The ruins provided a stage for enacting nuclear war, where the merely imagined was given a tangible expression. The chapter sketches the transnational extension-by-invitation of a British model of ruins to Denmark, and through architectural and historical analysis, it asks how it was re-embedded into

Climate change is estimated to increase the risk of the bark beetle (Ips typographus L.) mass outbreaks in Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst) forests. Habitats that are thermally suitable for bark beetles may expand, and an increase in the frequency and intensity of droughts can promote drought stress on host trees. Drought affects tree vigor and in unison with environmental features it influe

The Cold War never became the global World War III. It was a war that never broke out. Nevertheless, in some countries like for instance Denmark it is commemorated as exactly that: a war. This is particularly apparent at museums and heritage sites, where the narrative and mnemonic frame works used and activated in the representations stem from cultural memories of the Second World War. In the proc

Smartphones, tablets and camera systems used, e.g., in cars and UAVs, are typically equipped with IMUs (inertial measurement units) that can measure the gravity vector accurately. Using this additional information, the y-axes of the cameras can be aligned, reducing their relative orientation to a single degree-of-freedom. With this assumption, we propose a novel globally optimal solver, minimizing

Modesty as a Condition for Circular Economy Transition SuccessThe Promise and Challenges of a Circular Economy TransitionThe circular economy offers much promise. Circularity is meant to be a pathway to material efficiency, energy transitions, green jobs, profitable business opportunities, reduced volatility in price of inputs, secured supplies of critical materials, increased customer experiences

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to two-view minimal-case relative pose problems based on homography with known gravity direction. This case is relevant to smart phones, tablets, and other camera-IMU (Inertial measurement unit) systems which have accelerometers to measure the gravity vector. We explore the rank-1 constraint on the difference between the euclidean homography matrix and th

We propose minimal solutions to relative pose estimation problem from two views sharing a common direction with unknown focal length. This is relevant for cameras equipped with an IMU (inertial measurement unit), e.g., smart phones, tablets. Similar to the 6-point algorithm for two cameras with unknown but equal focal lengths and 7-point algorithm for two cameras with different and unknown focal l

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to two-view minimal-case relative pose problems based on homography with a common reference direction. We explore the rank-1 constraint on the difference between the Euclidean homography matrix and the corresponding rotation, and propose an efficient two-step solution for solving both the calibrated and partially calibrated (unknown focal length) problems